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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to the learner-internal aspects, CLKs' awareness of pragmatic resistance and the social ties they were able to draw from were important. For instance the RIs of TS and ZL both cited their local professor relationships as a major reason for them to choose to avoid criticising the strictness of a professor (see example 2). This article reviews all local published practical research on Korean until 2020. It focuses on the practical important topics such as: Discourse Construction Tests The discourse completion test (DCT) is widely used in research that is based on pragmatic principles. It has many strengths, but it also has some drawbacks. The DCT for instance, does not take into account individual and cultural variations. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. Therefore, it is important to analyze it carefully before it is used for research or for assessment purposes. Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful tool for investigating the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. The ability of the DCT in two or more stages to manipulate the social variables that are related to politeness could be a benefit. This can assist researchers study the role of prosody in communication across different cultural contexts, which is a major issue in cross-cultural pragmatics. In the field linguistics, DCT is among the most useful tools to study the behavior of communication learners. It can be used to investigate various aspects, including politeness, turn taking, and lexical choices. It can be used to assess phonological complexity in learners speaking. A recent study used the DCT to assess EFL students' refusal skills. The participants were given a list of scenarios and were asked to select an appropriate response from the choices provided. The authors discovered that the DCT to be more effective than other methods for refusing, such as a questionnaire or video recordings. However, the researchers cautioned that the DCT should be used with caution and include other types of methods for collecting data. DCTs can be designed with specific requirements for linguistics, such as form and content. These criteria are intuitive and based upon the assumptions of test designers. They are not necessarily correct, and they could misrepresent the way that ELF learners actually resist requests in real-world interaction. This issue calls for more study on alternative methods for measuring refusal competence. A recent study compared DCT responses to requests submitted by students through email with the responses gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs preferred more direct and traditionally indirect request forms and used less hints than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study examined Chinese learners' pragmatic choices when using Korean. It used various tools for experimentation including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions, and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs with intermediate or higher ability who responded to MQs and DCTs. They were also asked to think about their evaluations and refusal performance in RIs. The results showed that CLKs are more likely to defy native Korean pragmatism norms. Their decisions were influenced by four factors: their personalities and multilingual identities, their ongoing life experiences and their relational affordances. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment. The MQ data were analyzed to identify the participants' choices in terms of their pragmatics. The data was classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared the selections with their linguistic performance on the DCTs in order to determine if they were indicative of a pragmatic resistance. The interviewees were asked to explain their choice of pragmatic behavior in a particular situation. The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then analysed using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were found employ euphemistic phrases such as “sorry” or “thank you”. This could be due to their lack experience with the target languages, leading to an inadequate understanding of korean pragmatic norms. The results revealed that CLKs' preference to differ from L1 and L2 norms or to converge toward L1 differed based on the DCT circumstances. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs favored to diverge from both L1 and pragmatic norms, whereas in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms. The RIs showed that CLKs knew about their practical resistance to each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted one-to-one within two days after the participants had completed the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribing, and then coded by two independent coders. Coding was an iterative process in which the coders listened and discussed each transcript. The results of the coding process are evaluated against the original RI transcripts to determine whether they reflected the actual behavior. Interviews for refusal The key question in pragmatic research is: why do some learners decide to not accept native-speaker norms? Recent research sought to answer this question with various experimental tools including DCTs MQs and RIs. Participants included 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. They were asked to perform the DCTs in their native language and to complete the MQs either in their L1 or L2. Then, they were invited to attend a RI where they were asked to think about their responses to the DCT situations. The results showed that CLKs on average, did not conform to the patterns of native speakers in more than 40% of their responses. They did this even when they could produce patterns that were similar to native speakers. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their choices to learner-internal aspects such as their personalities and multilingual identities as well as ongoing life experiences. They also mentioned external factors like relational benefits. They outlined, for instance, how their interactions with their professors helped them to perform more comfortably in terms of the cultural and linguistic expectations of their university. The interviewees expressed concern about the social pressures or penalties they could be subject to when their social norms were not followed. They were worried that their native friends may view them as “foreignersand believe that they are ignorant. This worry was similar to that expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These findings suggest that native-speakers' pragmatic norms are not the default preference for Korean learners. They may still be a useful model for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should consider reassessing the validity of these tests in different cultural contexts and in specific situations. This will help them better understand the effects of different cultures on the behavior of students and classroom interactions of students from L2. This will also aid educators develop better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risks consultancy. Case Studies The case study method is an investigational strategy that employs participant-centered, in-depth studies to study a specific subject. This method makes use of numerous sources of information like documents, interviews, and observations to confirm its findings. This type of investigation is useful when analyzing unique or complex subjects that are difficult to measure with other methods. In a case study, the first step is to define the subject and the goals of the study. 라이브 카지노 will allow you to identify which aspects of the topic are important to investigate and which ones can be skipped. It is also helpful to read the literature on to the topic to gain a better knowledge of the subject and to place the case study within a larger theoretical context. This study was based on an open-source platform called the KMMLU Leaderboard [50], and its benchmarks for Koreans, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this study revealed that L2 Korean learners were particularly susceptible to the influence of native models. They were more likely to select incorrect answer choices which were literal interpretations. This was a deviation from accurate pragmatic inference. They also exhibited an inclination to include their own text, or “garbage,” to their responses, further reducing their quality of response. The participants of this study were all L2 Korean students who had achieved level four on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second year at university and hoped to reach level six by their next attempt. They were asked to respond to questions regarding their WTC/SPCC and comprehension and pragmatic awareness. Interviewees were presented with two scenarios which involved interactions with their counterparts and were asked to choose one of the strategies below to use when making a demand. They were then asked to explain the reasoning behind their choice. Most of the participants attributed their rational opposition to their personalities. For example, TS claimed that she was difficult to connect to, and she therefore was reluctant to inquire about her interactant's well-being with an intense workload, even though she believed that native Koreans would do this.